Pius XI spoke of the Roman School's program as the construction of a New Christendom. This faced many secular obstacles in the form of Marxism-Leninism, Fascism, Nazism, and the continued influences of Liberalism, Nationalism, and also Colonialism. Dr. John Rao discusses how these obstacles manifested themselves in the interwar world. Taken from: The Church of Eugenio Pacelli - 2000 VonHildebrand Institute